ROE × book value
Compare return on equity with the required return instead of treating every low P/B ratio as cheap.
CONTROLLED VALUATION RESEARCH
Find the assumptions behind the price.
Every range separates sourced facts, deterministic calculations and reviewed explanation. AI can draft the narrative, but it cannot change the numbers or publish a case.
NAV × distributions
Blend property net asset value with sustainable distributions and show both components.
Free cash flow
Discount explicit cash-flow forecasts and disclose how much value comes from the terminal period.
HUMAN-REVIEWED CASES
Published scenario ranges
Valuation depends on uncertain assumptions. Published ranges are scenario analyses and can be wrong.